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第 29 / 33 节

第 29 节 · SECTION 29

盜跖第二十九

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.1 Guo Qingfan 990; Wang Shumin 1171; Fang Yong 808; Chen Guying 776

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孔子與柳下季為友,柳下季之弟名曰盜跖。盜跖從卒九千人,橫行天下,侵暴諸侯,穴室樞戶,驅人牛馬,取人婦女,貪得忘親,不顧父母兄弟,不祭先祖。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.2 Guo Qingfan 990; Wang Shumin 1171; Fang Yong 808; Chen Guying 776

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所過之邑,大國守城,小國入保,萬民苦之。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.3 Guo Qingfan 991; Wang Shumin 1171; Fang Yong 808; Chen Guying 776

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孔子謂柳下季曰:「夫為人父者,必能詔其子;為人兄者,必能教其弟。若父不能詔其子,兄不能教其弟,則无貴父子兄弟之親矣。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.4 Guo Qingfan 991; Wang Shumin 1171; Fang Yong 808; Chen Guying 776

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今先生,世之才士也,弟為盜跖,為天下害,而弗能教也,丘竊為先生羞之。丘請為先生往說之。」

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.5 Guo Qingfan 991; Wang Shumin 1171; Fang Yong 808; Chen Guying 776

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柳下季曰:「先生言為人父者必能詔其子,為人兄者必能教其弟,若子不聽父之詔,弟不受兄之教,雖今先生之辯,將奈之何哉!

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.6 Guo Qingfan 991; Wang Shumin 1171; Fang Yong 808; Chen Guying 776

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且跖之為人也,心如涌泉,意如飄風,強足以距敵,辯足以飾非,順其心則喜,逆其心則怒,易辱人以言。先生必无往。」

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.7 Guo Qingfan 991; Wang Shumin 1171; Fang Yong 808; Chen Guying 776

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孔子不聽,顏回為馭,子貢為右,往見盜跖。盜跖乃方休卒徒太山之陽,膾人肝而餔之。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.8 Guo Qingfan 991; Wang Shumin 1174; Fang Yong 808; Chen Guying 776

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孔子下車而前,見謁者曰:「魯人孔丘,聞將軍高義,敬再拜謁者。」謁者入通,

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.9 Guo Qingfan 991; Wang Shumin 1174; Fang Yong 808; Chen Guying 776

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盜跖聞之大怒,目如明星,髮上指冠,

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.10 Guo Qingfan 992; Wang Shumin 1174; Fang Yong 808; Chen Guying 777

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曰:「此夫魯國之巧偽人孔丘非邪?為我告之:『爾作言造語,妄稱文武,冠枝木之冠,帶死牛之脅,多辭謬說,不耕而食,不織而衣,

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.11 Guo Qingfan 992; Wang Shumin 1174; Fang Yong 808; Chen Guying 777

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搖脣鼓舌,擅生是非,以迷天下之主,使天下學士不反其本,妄作孝悌而儌倖於封侯富貴者也。子之罪大極重,疾走歸!不然,我將以子肝益晝餔之膳!』」

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.12 Guo Qingfan 992; Wang Shumin 1174; Fang Yong 809; Chen Guying 777

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孔子復通曰:「丘得幸於季,願望履幕下。」

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.13 Guo Qingfan 993; Wang Shumin 1174; Fang Yong 809; Chen Guying 777

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謁者復通,盜跖曰:「使來前!」

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.14 Guo Qingfan 993; Wang Shumin 1174; Fang Yong 809; Chen Guying 777

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孔子趨而進,避席反走,再拜盜跖。盜跖大怒,兩展其足,案劍瞋目,聲如乳虎,曰:「丘來前!若所言,順吾意則生,逆吾心則死。」

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.15 Guo Qingfan 993; Wang Shumin 1175; Fang Yong 809; Chen Guying 777; tr. CH

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孔子曰:「丘聞之,凡天下有三德,生而長大,美好无雙,少長貴賤見而皆悅之,此上德也;知維天地,能辯諸物,此中德也;勇悍果敢,聚眾率兵,此下德也。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.16 Guo Qingfan 993; Wang Shumin 1175; Fang Yong 809; Chen Guying 777

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凡人有此一德者,足以南面稱孤矣。今將軍兼此三者,身長八尺二寸,面目有光,脣如激丹,齒如齊貝,音中黃鍾,而名曰盜跖,

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.17 Guo Qingfan 993; Wang Shumin 1175; Fang Yong 809; Chen Guying 777

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丘竊為將軍恥不取焉。將軍有意聽臣,臣請南使吳越,北使齊魯,東使宋衛,西使晉楚,使為將軍造大城數百里,立數十萬戶之邑,尊將軍為諸侯,

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.18 Guo Qingfan 993; Wang Shumin 1175; Fang Yong 809; Chen Guying 777

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與天下更始,罷兵休卒,收養昆弟,共祭先祖。此聖人才士之行,而天下之願也。」

# src: ZHUANG 29.1179

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盜跖大怒,曰:「丘來前!夫可規以利而可諫以言者,皆愚陋恆民之謂耳。今長大美好,人見而悅之者,此吾父母之遺德也。丘雖不吾譽,吾獨不自知邪?

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.20 Guo Qingfan 994; Wang Shumin 1179; Fang Yong 809; Chen Guying 778

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且吾聞之,好面譽人者,亦好背而毀之。今丘告我以大城眾民,是欲規我以利而恆民畜我也,安可長久也!城之大者,莫大乎天下矣。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.21 Guo Qingfan 994; Wang Shumin 1179; Fang Yong 809; Chen Guying 778

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堯舜有天下,子孫无置錐之地;湯武立為天子,而後世絕滅;非以其利大故邪?

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.22 Guo Qingfan 994; Wang Shumin 1179; Fang Yong 809; Chen Guying 778

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「且吾聞之,古者禽獸多而人民少,於是民皆巢居以避之,晝拾橡栗,暮栖木上,故命之曰有巢氏之民。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.23 Guo Qingfan 995; Wang Shumin 1179; Fang Yong 809; Chen Guying 778

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古者民不知衣服,夏多積薪,冬則煬之,故命之曰知生之民。神農之世,臥則居居,起則于于,民知其母,不知其父,與麋鹿共處,

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.24 Guo Qingfan 995; Wang Shumin 1179; Fang Yong i10; Chen Guying 778

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耕而食,織而衣,无有相害之心,此至德之隆也。然而黃帝不能致德,與蚩尤戰於涿鹿之野,流血百里。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.25 Guo Qingfan 995; Wang Shumin 1179; Fang Yong i10; Chen Guying 778

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堯舜作,立群臣,湯放其主,武王殺紂。自是之後,以強陵弱,以眾暴寡。湯武以來,皆亂人之徒也。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.26 Guo Qingfan 996; Wang Shumin 11i2; Fang Yong i10; Chen Guying 778

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「今子脩文、武之道,掌天下之辯,以教後世,縫衣淺帶,矯言偽行,以迷惑天下之主,而欲求富貴焉,盜莫大於子。天下何故不謂子為盜丘,而乃謂我為盜跖?

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.27 Guo Qingfan 996; Wang Shumin 11i2; Fang Yong i10; Chen Guying 778

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子以甘辭說子路而使從之,使子路去其危冠,解其長劍,而受教於子,天下皆曰孔丘能止暴禁非。其卒之也,子路欲殺衛君而事不成,身菹於衛東門之上,是子教之不至也。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.28 Guo Qingfan 997; Wang Shumin 11i2; Fang Yong i10; Chen Guying 778

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子自謂才士聖人邪?則再逐於魯,削跡於衛,窮於齊,圍於陳蔡,不容身於天下。子教子路菹此患,上无以為身,下无以為人,子之道豈足貴邪?

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.29 Guo Qingfan 997; Wang Shumin 11i2; Fang Yong i10; Chen Guying 778

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「世之所高,莫若黃帝,黃帝尚不能全德,而戰涿鹿之野,流血百里。堯不慈,舜不孝,禹偏枯,湯放其主,武王伐紂,文王拘羑里。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.30 Guo Qingfan 997; Wang Shumin 11i2; Fang Yong i10; Chen Guying 779

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此六子者,世之所高也,孰論之,皆以利惑其真而強反其情性,其行乃甚可羞也。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.31 Guo Qingfan 998; Wang Shumin 1186; Fang Yong i10; Chen Guying 779

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「世之所謂賢士,莫若伯夷、叔齊。伯夷、叔齊辭孤竹之君,而餓死於首陽之山,骨肉不葬。鮑焦飾行非世,抱木而死。申徒狄諫而不聽,負石自投於河,為魚鼈所食。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.32 Guo Qingfan 998; Wang Shumin 1186; Fang Yong i10; Chen Guying 779

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介子推至忠也,自割其股以食文公,文公後背之,子推怒而去,拘木而燔死。尾生與女子期於梁下,女子不來,水至不去,抱梁柱而死。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.33 Guo Qingfan 998; Wang Shumin 1186; Fang Yong i10; Chen Guying 779

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此六子者,无異於磔犬流豕操瓢而乞者,皆離名輕死,不念本養壽命者也。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.34 Guo Qingfan 999; Wang Shumin 1186; Fang Yong i10; Chen Guying 779

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「世之所謂忠臣者,莫若王子比干、伍子胥。子胥沈江,比干剖心,此二子者,世謂忠臣也,然卒為天下笑。自上觀之,至于子胥、比干,皆不足貴也。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.35 Guo Qingfan 999; Wang Shumin 1186; Fang Yong i11; Chen Guying 779

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丘之所以說我者,若告我以鬼事,則我不能知也;若告我以人事者,不過此矣,皆吾所聞知也。」

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.36 Guo Qingfan 1000; Wang Shumin 1186; Fang Yong i11; Chen Guying 779

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「今吾告子以人之情,目欲視色,耳欲聽聲,口欲察味,志氣欲盈。人上壽百歲,中壽八十,下壽六十,

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.37 Guo Qingfan 1000; Wang Shumin 1186; Fang Yong i11; Chen Guying 779

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除病瘐死喪憂患,其中開口而笑者,一月之中不過四五日而已矣。天與地无窮,人死者有時,操有時之具而託於无窮之閒,勿然无異騏驥之馳過隙也。不能悅其志意,養其壽命者,皆非通道者也。

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.38 Guo Qingfan 1000; Wang Shumin 1187; Fang Yong i11; Chen Guying 780

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丘之所言,皆吾之所棄也,亟去走歸,无復言之!子之道,狂狂伋伋,詐巧虛偽事也,非可以全真也,奚足論哉!」

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.39 Guo Qingfan 1001; Wang Shumin 1193; Fang Yong i11; Chen Guying 780

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孔子再拜趨走,出門上車,執轡三失,目芒然无見,色若死灰,據軾低頭,不能出氣。歸到魯東門外,適遇柳下季。柳下季曰:「今者闕然數日不見,車馬有行色,得微往見跖邪?」

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.40 Guo Qingfan 1001; Wang Shumin 1193; Fang Yong i11; Chen Guying 780

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孔子仰天而歎曰:「然。」

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.41 Guo Qingfan 1001; Wang Shumin 1193; Fang Yong i11; Chen Guying 780

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柳下季曰:「跖得无逆汝意若前乎?」

# src: ZHUANG 29.1.42 Guo Qingfan 1001; Wang Shumin 1193; Fang Yong i11; Chen Guying 780

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孔子曰:「然。丘所謂无病而自灸也,疾走料虎頭,編虎須,幾不免虎口哉!」

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.1 Guo Qingfan 1002; Wang Shumin 1194; Fang Yong i18; Chen Guying 790

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子張問於滿苟得曰:「盍不為行?无行則不信,不信則不任,不任則不利。故觀之名,計之利,而義真是也。若棄名利,反之於心,則夫士之為行,不可一日不為乎!」

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.2 Guo Qingfan 1002; Wang Shumin 1194; Fang Yong i18; Chen Guying 790

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滿苟得曰:「无恥者富,多信者顯。夫名利之大者,幾在无恥而信。故觀之名,計之利,而信真是也。若棄名利,反之於心,則夫士之為行,抱其天乎!」

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.3 Guo Qingfan 1003; Wang Shumin 1194; Fang Yong i18; Chen Guying 790

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子張曰:「昔者桀紂貴為天子,富有天下,今謂臧聚曰:『汝行如桀紂。』則有怍色有不服之心者,小人所賤也。仲尼、墨翟窮為匹夫,

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.4 Guo Qingfan 1003; Wang Shumin 1194; Fang Yong i18; Chen Guying 790

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今謂宰相曰:『子行如仲尼、墨翟。』則變容易色稱不足者,士誠貴也。故勢為天子,未必貴也;窮為匹夫,未必賤也;貴賤之分,在行之美惡。」

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.5 Guo Qingfan 1003; Wang Shumin 1195; Fang Yong i18; Chen Guying 790

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滿苟得曰:「小盜者拘,大盜者為諸侯,諸侯之門,仁義存焉。昔者桓公小白殺兄入嫂而管仲為臣,

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.6 Guo Qingfan 1003; Wang Shumin 1195; Fang Yong i18; Chen Guying 791

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田成子常殺君竊國而孔子受幣。論則賤之,行則下之,則是言行之情悖戰於胸中也,不亦拂乎!故《書》曰:『孰惡孰美?成者為首,不成者為尾。』」

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.7 Guo Qingfan 1004; Wang Shumin 1198; Fang Yong i18; Chen Guying 791

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子張曰:「子不為行,即將䟽戚无倫,貴賤无義,長幼无序;五紀六位,將何以為別乎?」

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.8 Guo Qingfan 1005; Wang Shumin 1198; Fang Yong i18; Chen Guying 791

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滿苟得曰:「堯殺長子,舜流母弟,䟽戚有倫乎?湯放桀,武王殺紂,貴賤有義乎?王季為適,周公殺兄,長幼有序乎?

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.9 Guo Qingfan 1005; Wang Shumin 1198; Fang Yong i18; Chen Guying 791

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儒者偽辭,墨者兼愛,五紀六位,將有別乎?

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.10 Guo Qingfan 1005; Wang Shumin 1198; Fang Yong i18; Chen Guying 791

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且子正為名,我正為利。名利之實,不順於理,不監於道。吾日與子訟於无約曰:

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.11 Guo Qingfan 1005; Wang Shumin 1198; Fang Yong i18; Chen Guying 791

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『小人殉財,君子殉名。其所以變其情,易其性,則異矣;乃至於棄其所為而殉其所不為,則一也。』

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.12 Guo Qingfan 1005; Wang Shumin 1198; Fang Yong i19; Chen Guying 791

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故曰:无為小人,反殉而天;无為君子,從天之理。若枉若直,相而天極;面觀四方,與時消息。

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.13 Guo Qingfan 1006; Wang Shumin 1198; Fang Yong i19; Chen Guying 791

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若是若非,執而圓機;獨成而意,與道俳佪。无轉而行,无成而義,將失而所為。无赴而富,无殉而成,將棄而天。

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.14 Guo Qingfan 1007; Wang Shumin 1199; Fang Yong i19; Chen Guying 791

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比干剖心,子胥抉眼,忠之禍也;直躬證父,尾生溺死,信之患也;鮑子立乾,申子自埋,廉之害也;孔子不見母,匡子不見父,義之失也。

# src: ZHUANG 29.2.15 Guo Qingfan 1007; Wang Shumin 1199; Fang Yong i19; Chen Guying 791

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此上世之所傳,下世之所語,以為士者正其言,必其行,故服其殃,離其患也。」

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.1 Guo Qingfan 1008; Wang Shumin 1205; Fang Yong i23; Chen Guying 797

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无足問於知和曰:「人卒未有不興名就利者。彼富則人歸之,歸則下之,下則貴之。夫見下貴者,所以長生安體樂意之道也。

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.2 Guo Qingfan 1008; Wang Shumin 1205; Fang Yong i23; Chen Guying 797

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今子獨无意焉,知不足邪,意知而力不能行邪,故推正不忘邪?」

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.3 Guo Qingfan 1009; Wang Shumin 1205; Fang Yong i23; Chen Guying 797

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知和曰:「今夫此人以為與己同時而生,同鄉而處者,以為夫絕俗過世之士焉;是專无主正,所以覽古今之時,是非之分也,與俗化。世去至重,棄至尊,以為其所為也;此其所以論長生安體樂意之道,不亦遠乎!

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.4 Guo Qingfan 1009; Wang Shumin 1205; Fang Yong i24; Chen Guying 797

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慘怛之疾,恬愉之安,不監於體;怵惕之恐,欣懽之喜,不監於心;

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.5 Guo Qingfan 1009; Wang Shumin 1205; Fang Yong i24; Chen Guying 797

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知為為而不知所以為,是以貴為天子,富有天下,而不免於患也。」

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.6 Guo Qingfan 1010; Wang Shumin 1205; Fang Yong i24; Chen Guying 797

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无足曰:「夫富之於人,无所不利,窮美究勢,至人之所不得逮,賢人之所不能及,

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.7 Guo Qingfan 1010; Wang Shumin 1205; Fang Yong i24; Chen Guying 797

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俠人之勇力而以為威強,秉人之知謀以為明察,因人之德以為賢良,非享國而嚴若君父。

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.8 Guo Qingfan 1010; Wang Shumin 1205; Fang Yong i24; Chen Guying 797

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且夫聲色滋味權勢之於人,心不待學而樂之,體不待象而安之。夫欲惡避就,固不待師,此人之性也。天下雖非我,孰能辭之!」

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.9 Guo Qingfan 1011; Wang Shumin 1207; Fang Yong i24; Chen Guying 798

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知和曰:「知者之為,故動以百姓,不違其度,是以足而不爭,无以為故不求。不足故求之,爭四處而不自以為貪;

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.10 Guo Qingfan 1011; Wang Shumin 1207; Fang Yong i24; Chen Guying 798

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有餘故辭之,棄天下而不自以為廉。廉貪之實,非以迫外也,反監之度。勢為天子而不以貴驕人,富有天下而不以財戲人。

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.11 Guo Qingfan 1011; Wang Shumin 1207; Fang Yong i24; Chen Guying 798

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計其患,慮其反,以為害於性,故辭而不受也,非以要名譽也。堯舜為帝而雍,非仁天下也,不以美害生也;善卷許由得帝而不受,非虛辭讓也,不以事害己。

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.12 Guo Qingfan 1011; Wang Shumin 1207; Fang Yong i24; Chen Guying 798

# dating: 8110

此皆就其利,辭其害,而天下稱賢焉,則可以有之,彼非以興名譽也。」

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.13 Guo Qingfan 1012; Wang Shumin 1207; Fang Yong i24; Chen Guying 798

# dating: 8110

无足曰:「必持其名,苦體絕甘,約養以持生,則亦久病長阨而不死者也。」

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.14 Guo Qingfan 1012; Wang Shumin 1207; Fang Yong i24; Chen Guying 798

# dating: 8110

知和曰:「平為福,有餘為害者,物莫不然,而財其甚者也。今富人,耳營鍾鼓管籥之聲,口嗛於芻豢醪醴之味,以感其意,遺忘其業,可謂亂矣;

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.15 Guo Qingfan 1012; Wang Shumin 1207; Fang Yong i24; Chen Guying 798

# dating: 8110

侅溺於馮氣,若負重行而上阪也,可謂苦矣;貪財而取慰,貪權而取竭,靜居則溺,體澤則馮,可謂疾矣;

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.16 Guo Qingfan 1012; Wang Shumin 1207; Fang Yong i24; Chen Guying 798

# dating: 8110

為欲富就利,故滿若堵耳而不知避,且馮而不舍,可謂辱矣;財積而无用,服膺而不舍,滿心戚醮,求益而不止,可謂憂矣;

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.17 Guo Qingfan 1012; Wang Shumin 1207; Fang Yong i25; Chen Guying 798

# dating: 8110

內則疑刦請之賊,外則畏寇盜之害,內周樓䟽,外不敢獨行,可謂畏矣。此六者,天下之至害也,皆遺忘而不知察,

# src: ZHUANG 29.3.18 Guo Qingfan 1012; Wang Shumin 1207; Fang Yong i25; Chen Guying 798

# dating: 8110

及其患至,求盡性竭財,單以反一日之无故而不可得也。故觀之名則不見,求之利則不得,繚意絕體而爭此,不亦惑乎!」